Icyiciro cya elegitoroniki y'itumanaho chip itanga ibisubizo

Urebye kubisobanuro byihariye byo gukoresha, chip ya laser, itanga fotone ikoresheje gusimbuka electron, kurugero, ikubiyemo ibintu bitandukanye.Ukurikije imikoreshereze yacyo ya fotone, irashobora kugabanywa hafi ya fotone yingufu, fotone yamakuru no kwerekana fotone.Ibisabwa byo gukoresha ingufu za fotone zirimo fibre ya laser, ubwiza bwubuvuzi, nibindi. Porogaramu yo gukoresha amakuru ya fotone ikubiyemo itumanaho, autopilot yimodoka, kumenyekanisha terefone igendanwa, inganda za gisirikare, nibindi bisanzwe. , amatara yimodoka, nibindi

Itumanaho ryiza nimwe mubice byingenzi bikoreshwa mubice bya optique.Amashanyarazi ya optique murwego rwitumanaho rya optique muri rusange arashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: bikora kandi byoroshye, kandi birashobora kugabanywa kubikorwa nibindi bipimo.Ukurikije imikorere ya chip ikora, zirashobora kugabanywamo ibyuma bya laser kugirango bisohore ibimenyetso byurumuri, ibyuma byerekana ibyuma byakira urumuri, imashini ya modulator yo guhindura ibimenyetso byurumuri, nibindi. , AWG chip, chip ya VOA, nibindi, bishingiye kubuhanga bwa planar optique ya waveguide yo kugenzura itumanaho ryiza.Reba neza, chip ya laser na chip ya detector niyo ikoreshwa cyane, ibyingenzi byibanze byubwoko bubiri bwa optique.

Kuva murwego rwinganda, urwego rwitumanaho rukora itumanaho kugirango rwihutishe kwimuka muburyo butandukanye kuva kumanuka kugera kumuyoboro wo hejuru, chip yo hejuru nk "ijosi" ihuza byihutirwa gukenera ubundi buryo bwimbitse bwo murugo.Abacuruza ibikoresho byo hasi bahagarariwe na Huawei na ZTE basanzwe ari abayobozi binganda, mugihe umurima wa module optique warangije byihuse gusimbuza aho wasangaga mumyaka icumi ishize bashingiye kumafaranga ya injeniyeri, ibihembo byakazi hamwe nibyiza byo gutanga isoko.

Nk’uko imibare ya Lightcounting ibigaragaza, umucuruzi umwe gusa mu gihugu yari mu 10 ba mbere mu 2010, naho mu 2021, abacuruzi 10 ba mbere mu gihugu batwaye kimwe cya kabiri cy’isoko.Ibinyuranyo, mumahanga ya optique module mumahanga igenda gahoro gahoro mubijyanye nigiciro cyumurimo no gutanga amasoko atunganijwe, bityo bakibanda cyane kubikoresho byo murwego rwohejuru rwa optique hamwe na chip optique hamwe na enterineti.Kubijyanye na optique ya optique, ibicuruzwa byo murwego rwohejuru biracyiganjemo mumahanga, imbaraga rusange zabakora murugo nabayobozi bo mumahanga baracyafite icyuho.

Muri rusange, ukurikije ibicuruzwa, 10G iriho nibicuruzwa bikurikira byo hasi bifite urwego rwo hejuru rwumusaruro wimbere mu gihugu, 25G ifite umubare muto wabakora ibicuruzwa bashobora koherezwa kubwinshi, barenga 25G mubushakashatsi cyangwa mubigeragezo bito icyiciro cyo kubyaza umusaruro, mumyaka yashize abakora imitwe murwego rwibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru kugirango byihute iterambere ryibigaragara.Urebye aho usanga usaba, abakora ibicuruzwa byimbere mu gihugu ku isoko ryitumanaho, fibre optique no kubona simusiga kugera kurwego rwo hejuru rwitabira murwego, mugihe mumasoko y'itumanaho rikenewe cyane-isoko ryitumanaho ryamakuru naryo ryatangiye kwihuta.

Urebye ku bushobozi bwa epitaxial, nubwo abakora mu gihugu bakora laser chip core tekinoroji ya epitaxial muri rusange baracyafite ibyumba byinshi byo kunonosora, wafer yo mu rwego rwo hejuru iracyakeneye kugurwa munganda mpuzamahanga za epitaxial, ariko mugihe kimwe zirashobora no kubona byinshi kandi byinshi optique ya chip ikora yatangiye gushimangira ubushobozi bwabo epitaxial, itangira iterambere rya IDM.Kubwibyo, ubushobozi bwa tekiniki bwo kwibanda ku bicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bisimburwa mu gihugu, hamwe n’ibishushanyo mbonera byigenga ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo gutegura uburyo bwa IDM bwo guteza imbere inganda z’imbere mu gihugu zifite inyungu zikomeye zo guhatanira amasoko biteganijwe ko hazabaho amahirwe akomeye y’iterambere, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru kugeza fungura urugo rusimburwa & digitale yinjira mumurima kugirango utangire, byitezwe gufungura byimazeyo umwanya witerambere.

Ubwa mbere, duhereye kubicuruzwa, 10G hamwe na chip ikurikira yo hasi yo gusimbuza imbere murugo ikomeje kwiyongera, urwego rwaho rwabaye rwinshi.Abahinguzi bo murugo bamenye neza tekinoroji yibanze yibicuruzwa 2.5G na 10G, usibye kubintu bimwe na bimwe byibicuruzwa (nka 10G EML laser chip) igipimo cyaho kiri hasi cyane, ibicuruzwa byinshi byashoboye kugera kubantu basimbuye.